> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://tunakings-organization.gitbook.io/tuna-rwa-docs/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://tunakings-organization.gitbook.io/tuna-rwa-docs/value-anchoring/resources-quota.md).

# Resources Quota

## Global TAC and Australia’s Share

The **Commission for the Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna (CCSBT)** has adopted a **Management Procedure** to guide the setting of the Southern Bluefin Tuna (SBT) Total Allowable Catch (TAC), ensuring the spawning-stock biomass meets CCSBT’s rebuilding target.

Under this procedure, the TAC is fixed in rolling **three-year blocks**:

| Three-Year Block | Global TAC (t) | Australia’s Allocation (t) |
| ---------------- | -------------- | -------------------------- |
| 2018 – 2020      | 17,647         | 6,165                      |
| 2021 – 2023      | 17,647         | 6,238                      |
| 2024 – 2026      | 20,647         | 7,295                      |

From 2018 to 2026, each CCSBT member’s effective catch limit is summarised above. Members may carry over a limited amount of uncaught quota between years, and CCSBT’s assessments confirm no “exceptional circumstances,” making TAC increases highly predictable.

## ITQ Market Transparency

The **Australian Fisheries Management Authority (AFMA)** mandates that all Individual Transferable Quota (ITQ) trades be reported, with average prices published. In the 2021 – 2022 fiscal year, the average SBT lease price was approximately **AUD 2.55 per kg**, providing an on-chain valuation anchor.

## International Transferability of the ITQ System

The **Individual Transferable Quota (ITQ)** framework does in fact support cross-border transactions. Because an ITQ confers the **right to harvest a specified share of a fish stock**—rather than privatizing the fish themselves—the quota can be bought, leased, or transferred on international markets.

Southern Bluefin Tuna (SBT) catch rights have an especially global character under the governance of the **Commission for the Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna (CCSBT)**. CCSBT rules explicitly allow quota transfers between member states. For example, during the 2018–2020 period **Japan voluntarily transferred 21 t of quota to Indonesia and 27 t to South Africa**, demonstrating that SBT catch entitlements possess a clear legal basis for cross-border circulation.

## Unified Standards of Regional Fisheries Management Organizations

Within the frameworks of Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (RFMOs)—such as the **Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC)** and the **Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC)**—catch quotas can be adjusted or transferred between member states. These multilateral treaties create the legal foundation for the global circulation of fishing rights, enabling quota holders to exercise those rights across multiple jurisdictions.